The Rise and Fall of Richard the Third Essay - 2552 Words

amp;#9;Much debate and controversy surround the rise and fall of Richard the Third. It is hard to ignore such subjects due to the bonds and hidden reasons that many of the authors of the middle ages had towards Richard. In keeping an objective approach towards Richard III, the study of his rise and fall will be taken in the perspective of his royal acts and administration of England. Public sentiment over such things as the scandal surrounding the princes did have an effect over the rule of Richard, but there are many other underlying aspects that could have extended Richards rule, and changed the way history looks back on him. amp;#9;Many historian look upon Richard as a villain. Others attribute this view as tainted due to the†¦show more content†¦They had news that the Woodvilles were conspiring against Gloucester in order to take control of England immediately. While parliament anxiously awaited Gloucesters explanation for his actions, Richard did not meet with much adversity from the people upon his arrival to London. They felt he was doing his duty, as no one suspected him of aspiring to anything but regent. Richard was then formally installed as Protectorate of England, but Richard realized that his power would not last forever, possibly four to five years. In prior years, Richard had gained much public support and accolades for his part in fighting Scotland. He uses this support in his next step of a move for the throne. In the past there had been rumors of Edward the IV being illegitimate, now there was evidence that Edwards son was illegitimate as well, as Edward IV had not been legally wed to Elizabeth when they had Edward V. Upon hearing this news, Richard chose to proceed with caution, only telling chief political players and asking their advice. Richard was wise for these actions. He had been known for his prudence in the past in the war with Scotland. When Edward IV wanted a crushing blow to the Scots, Richard realized that it would be too costly and at the same time England had already accomplished a great feat. Richard pushedShow MoreRelatedEssay about Richard Ii683 Words   |  3 PagesRichard II, by William Shakespeare, is a play about a King whom is a poor chose in spending his countries wealth, separated from his subjects , and makes unwise decisions for counsel. Richard II then begins to lease land to wealthy noblemen and takes the money from a deceased uncle to fund his lifestyle the commoners and other noblemen become outraged. In the play there are symbolisms to England as being like â€Å"Eden†; and the first symbolism and maybe one of the most significant ones is by John ofRead More The Ming Dynasty Essay1273 Words   |  6 PagesDynasty was Chu Yuan-chang, who later changed his name to suit him and his new government. Chu Yuan-chang was the youngest of the Yuan dynasty and due to the collapse of the dynasty; Chu never got to rule, and was left as a peasant. So after the fall of the Yuan Dynasty, Chu created the Ming dynasty. Chu’s new name, Hongwu, was made to describe the new government that he wanted to create. The name Hongwu means, Vast Military and it reflects the increased prestige of the military during his reignRead MoreThe Consequences of the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain (the Standard of Living Debate) and the Free Trade Era in Europe.1542 Words   |  7 Pages1. Life Expectancy. Increased from 1670-1820, then constant at 40 yrs. Until 1851, the rises again 2. Heights. Nicholas and Stechel use data from heights of convicts sent to Australia, fairly representative in terms of literacy rate and occupations. 23-49, 1770-1815. Male born after 1785 were shorter than previous cohorts, indicating a fall in the standard of living with industrialization. Read MoreCrusades Facebook Postings On The World1283 Words   |  6 PagesSea, a major artery of conquest and trade. The region is valued as much for its location as for its religious history. The location itself may have been reason enough for people to settle there. In turn, those people developed civilizations that gave rise to the religions that have spent centuries competing for the sacred soil. The three competing monotheistic faiths-Judaism, Christianity, and Islam-met in Jerusalem. Despite their common roots, the differences among the three religions-and their peoples-oftenRead MoreHistory Of Americ A Progressive Era923 Words   |  4 PagesHistory of America (1865 to 1914) The history of the United States from 1865 to 1914 consisted of development, reconstruction, the gilded age and was really a progressive era. During this period there was a significant rise in industrialization which resulted huge flow of immigration in America. This period brought rapid growth and immense fortune in North and West and U.S. become the world’s leading industrial, economic and agriculture power. The average income e of nonfarm worker raised by 75%Read MoreLooking Back at the Middle Ages1485 Words   |  6 Pagesthe signing of the Magna Carta. Secondly, was the Black Death (also known as the Bubonic Plague that affected the religious, social, and economic aspects. An event that affected the religious and economic aspects were the Crusades. There was also the rise of the Ottoman Empire which affected the social, political, and economic aspects.Finnally, there was the Hundred Years war that affected the political aspects. The Magna Carta was one of the most significant events of the Middle Ages. The MagnaRead MoreIb Economics Commentary - Aggregate Demand1406 Words   |  6 Pagesexpensive houses drop in demand. The article assumes that because of the predicted increased interest rates, the house prices will continue to fall. As consumer confidence is especially low during economic recessions, if supply catches up with demand, one could say that prices would not rise any further. Therefore, one could say that the price would most likely then fall. If however, tax exemption was removed from houses, this would result in consumers using their household income to compensate for theRead MoreComparing Positive And Positive Feedback1180 Words   |  5 Pagesthe receptor, and sends commands to the effector, which is the third part. The effector is a cell or organ that will respond to these commands (Martini et al. 2014). This will act to restore the variable to its desired level. Negative feedback is a system that maintains the level of some variable within a given range following a disturbance. It includes a receptor that responds to the variable, as stated by Pocock, Richards and Richards, 2013. Negative feedback is a primary mechanism of homeostaticRead MoreThe Rise And Fall Of The Third Reich1193 Words   |  5 PagesThe Weimar Constitution was a genuine attempt to create a perfect democratic country. In his book The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich (1960), American historian William L. Shirer described the Weimar Constitution as on paper, the most liberal and democratic document of its kind the twentieth century had ever seen ... full of ingenious and admirable devices which seemed to guarantee the working of an almost flawless democracy.† The constitution guaranteed equal rights to the German people, yet alsoRead MoreEssay about Individualism in American History1470 Words   |  6 Pagesof property, if injured by third persons, their owners, may bring suit, and recover damages for the injury† (Laws Pertaining to Slavery). The slaves were considered property and not human. Racism was created by white people who felt they were superior. After years of dealing with racism and slavery, blacks and those who disagreed with this discrimination fought against their opposition and won their freedom from slavery in 1865. The struggles did not end there. As Richard Wright pointed out in his

Strategic Management Aspects Of Operations Management Essay

Strategic management of demand Evan Bledsoe BUS! 310 Prof. Jeannine Bennett Liberty Online 12/12/2016 STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT ASPECT OF OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT Introduction Strategic management is majorly the work of the highest-level management which involves perpetual planning and implementing objectives of an organization in line with its resources and taking in consideration areas of competition such as internal and external environment (Pearce, Robinson Subramanian, 1997). Strategic management occurs in four levels: analysis, formulation and implementation and execution of strategies. Analysis of strategies This stage involves scanning the environment to know what affects the company both internally and externally in terms of trends in the industry and relationships within the company so as to make decisions on the future paths of the company (Pearce, Robinson Subramanian, 1997). Internal analysis involves the relationships among the internal players. It scrutinizes how employees relate with their colleagues, how employees relate with their managers, how managers relate with employees, shareholders, directors and other managers as well. External analysis is crucial because environment constantly changes and the players in the industry often come up with new strategies that might make other activities obsolete (Pearce, Robinson Subramanian, 1997). There are two perspectives that can be used in strategy analysis. The first one involves the use of SWOTShow MoreRelatedRole Of Managerial And Managerial Accounting1029 Words   |  5 Pagesfar back as the 19th century. Service and production operations during the days of the industrial revolution were not nearly as sophisticated then as they are today. The current initial purpose of managerial accounting is comparable to its purpose throughout history. Managerial accounting has historically been useful in assisting managers with the information they need to make important decisions about their business’ processes and operations (Fleischman 2006). Managerial accounting is still trueRead MoreDepartment Business Targets Into Our Daily Routines866 Words   |  4 Pagesdepartment business targets into our daily routines. Using the MBO methodology of collaborative planning GTPLS Gippsland operation has developed an activity-based strategic plan that focuses on our efforts tow ards the delivery of specific outcomes. These outcomes will in turn, lead to the achievement of our goals and reaching the company’s vision. The success of this plan / strategy relies on a commitment to implementation and regular monitoring of our progress no matter what we strive to achieveRead MoreEvolution And Development Of Operation Management1218 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction People can say that operations management has existed since man start to produced goods and services to meet their needs and necessities. Although, the origin of operations may be come from ancient civilizations, their major evolution in history is practically refers to the last 250 years. Therefore, the story is presented in accordance with the most important contributions or primitive impulses and not strictly chronological terms. There are several important areas that have contributedRead MoreNorth Metro Home Services ( Nmhs ) Is Owned By Cody And Tera Hopkins1720 Words   |  7 Pagestake advantage of the perceived weakness and inadequacies of other regional companies in terms of quality and customer satisfaction. North Metro Home Services has maintained an excellent reputation in the community and industry due to the sales/management and administration skills of Cody and Tera Hopkins. North Metro Home Services provides top-quality plumbing and home services that include the fol lowing: Plumbing, Sheet Rocking, Flooring, Framing, Finish, Carpentry, Cabinetry, Countertops, Ceiling/WallRead MoreNorth Metro Home Services ( Nmhs ) Is Owned By Cody And Tera Hopkins1717 Words   |  7 Pagestake advantage of the perceived weakness and inadequacies of other regional companies in terms of quality and customer satisfaction. North Metro Home Services has maintained an excellent reputation in the community and industry due to the sales/management and administration skills of Cody and Tera Hopkins. North Metro Home Services provides top-quality plumbing and home services that include the following: Plumbing Sheet Rocking Flooring Framing Finish Carpentry Cabinetry Countertops Ceiling/WallRead Moreâ€Å"Analysis Is the Critical Starting Point of Strategic Thinking† – Kenichi Ohmae. What Variables Interfere so Often with Our Ability to Start the Analysis Aspect of Strategic Thinking? How Important Is the Analysis?996 Words   |  4 PagesWeek 3 – DQ 1 â€Å"Analysis is the critical starting point of strategic thinking† – Kenichi Ohmae. What variables interfere so often with our ability to start the analysis aspect of strategic thinking? How important is the analysis? What techniques have you employed or seen successfully employed that may help provide the opportunity to start the analysis? Introduction Strategic thinking is defined as the management’s vision of the company; what it should look like in the future. 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A Healthy Family Questionnaire Free Essays

What types of drinks do you usually have during the day and night? I will usually have one bottle of soda half way through the day. The rest of the day is water. How often does your family seek dental care? My children and I visit the dentist every six months for a cleaning. We will write a custom essay sample on A Healthy Family: Questionnaire or any similar topic only for you Order Now My husband has cleanings every 3 months due to having soft teeth. How often do family members have bowel movements? Urinate? Me: Varies but once every 2-3 days Husband: Every morning after coffee Son 1: once every 1-2 days Son 2: every2-3 days Daughter: 2-3 times a day All except Son2, urinate every few hours throughout the day and we are able to go 8 hours at night. Son 2 has a bladder like a horse and does not urinate nearly as often. Are laxatives used in your family? Explain. We do not use stimulant laxatives very often, but on occasion Son2 will need pedialax. Mostly we just make it a point to eat a high fiber diet and drink plenty of fluids to stay regular. How does your family relax? Relaxation starts with me and my husband on one couch and the kids the other couch. During this time we are usually reading, writing, playing games or watching TV. Within an hour or two everyone migrates to the couch were my husband and I are sitting and squishes their way in. By this time I have realized that relaxation time is over and I go find something else to do. What does your family do for enjoyment? Mostly we just like to be outside keeping active. Some of our favorite activities are bike riding, hiking, baseball and hockey. When does your family generally go to bed and awaken? Do family member go to bed and awaken at different times? The children start to prepare for bed at 8:00pm by changing into Pjs brushing teeth and getting in their last glass of water or snack before bed. By 8:30pm they are in bed and they are allowed to read until they fall asleep, no more than 30 minutes though. My husband stays up until 10 and I will usually stay up until about 11:00pm. My husband gets up at 5:30am and leaves for work at 6:30. I wake up at 6:30 and start waking the children between 6:50 and 7 am. Do any family members work at night? No Are there any hearing or visual problems that affect your family members? Both my Husband and I are near sighted. I require glasses on a daily bases, but my husband only needs them for long drives when his eyes get tired. Son2 seems to have an issue with tracking, but testing is still being done. Does pain seem to be a family problem? Explain how this is managed? Son2 and I both suffer from migraines. This is managed by taking Exedrine for me or Tylenol for him and going into a dark room to rest. Who makes the major family decisions? How? All major Family decisions are discussed between any members they involve and a decision is usually agreed upon. If a no agreement is made then it is up to me to make the decision. Describe the highest education level of all family members? Me: PN certificate Husband: Associates degree Son1: 5th grade Son2: 1st grade Daughter: 1st grade Describe the general mood of your family? We are generally happy and relaxed people. We like to take life as it comes and we make it a point not to stress over the little things. How does your family deal with change? Like most families there is an adjustment period whenever things change, but we all seem to handle it well. My husband and I try to keep the kids informed of any changes so they know what to expect. Explain your family responsibilities for house hold chores? Each child has a list of six chores in which they are responsible for every day. Each of their chores has a different degree of difficulty depending on their age. The chores can be small like put away your back pack, sneaker and coat when you walk into the house or bigger chores for my 10 year old would include taking out the trash or emptying the dishwasher. My husband and I fill in the gaps of what the kids missed or are not old enough to do. Explain discipline in your family. How are family members rewarded? Describe any aggression or violence that occurs in your family. I am the one that disciplines the children and decides on punishments. A punishment usually includes me revoking privileges or sending them to their room for a period of time. Spankings are not out of the question in my home, but they almost never used or needed. Family members are reward with praise and on occasion a special treat like a movie night or ice cream. The only aggression or violence you will see in my home are my children fighting. I usually let them work it out, but if they are hurting each other or the argument is lasting too long I will step in. Are contraceptives used? Yes Are parents comfortable answering questions and explaining topics related to sexuality to their children? Yes I discuss these thing with my children separately because they are all different ages they require a different degree of explanation. How does your family cope with major stressors? When we are stressed we just like quiet time to think or relax. I often warn people when I come in the door if my day was not good and I just need a few quiet minutes to distress before being asked 100 questions. Who copes with stress the best? That would have to be my husband. He just takes everything as it is and doesn’t really let anything bother him. What does your family want from life? That’s an easy one, to be happy. We don’t have a big house or fancy cars and it is not because we could not afford them if we needed them. We have tried having both parents work full time and we had plenty of money and much nicer cars, but we were always tired and we never spent any time together. We have found that we prefer to work less, have less and spend more time together. That is what makes us happy. What rules do your family hold most important? The one rule that we hold most import in our home is to show respect to everyone. Describe what your family does to try to stay healthy. To try to stay healthy we have a few simple rules in our house. For nutrition you must try everything on your plate before you are done eating. It does not matter if they are carrots and you know that you don’t like them, taste buds change, so maybe you will like them today. Deserts are rare in my house, but when they are offered you are not eligible for dessert unless you finish your dinner, including the vegetables. For exercise we do not have a formal routine, but we encourage outdoor activities as much and as often as possible. Television and game time is limited to one hour per day in our home and the time must be earned. The children receive a ten minute token for each chore that they complete and they can cash their tokens in after there home work has been completed. From whom does your family seek health care? When? My family seeks health care from our family doctor’s office. We receive our well care physicals each year and any immunization due at that time. We will also seek Health care if we have an illness that does not clear up with in a week. We have very few visits to the doctor’s office each year because most illnesses can be treated at home with rest and fluids. How to cite A Healthy Family: Questionnaire, Papers

Vietnam War Vietnam Soldiers They Carried Ghos Essay Example For Students

Vietnam War Vietnam Soldiers They Carried Ghos Essay tsVietnam War Vietnam Soldiers They Carried GhostsThe relationship between the soldiers of the Vietnam War was different from the relationships with people from home. The soldiers felt as if they could not tell the whole truth about the war through their eyes to their loved ones at home. The soldiers that they were with all the time understood the pain and confusion each other felt, yet no one talked about it. War changed how people had relationships with others. War could bring people closer or tear them apart. The relationships between the soldiers and their families grew or forced them to become distant. The soldier did not want to worry his parents at home and knew that they would not understand what he was going through. In the Documentary Dear America: Letters Home from Vietnam, directed by Bill Couturie, showed these relationships change. One soldier writes to his mother and tells her that for a second, he felt as if he was on vacation because it was so beautiful in Vietnam. One had to think that this man wrote this to his mother only for her to worry less. He did not want to tell her the whole truth on what was really going on inside of him. Would anyone from the outside world understand? P.S. tell mom not to worry, there is nothing I cant handle. The soldiers could handle the physical horrors that were happening to them, but the mental status of many the soldiers were becoming breakable. How could you tell someone not to worry about you, when you do not even care what was going to h appen to yourself. The soldiers were all prepared to die, but waiting was what was driving them crazy. They did not want to tell their 17-year-old girlfriend at home this because she would never understand. How do you tell someone that you love that you are loosing your mind and do even know who the enemy is anymore? Downplaying the whole war situation to your loved one was the only way to keep yourself sane and not make them worry too much about you. All of the men were scared, yet did not know how to show it. They could not show it to their families in letters because that could do nothing but make your mother worry that you were not going to make it. We all scared, one can see this emotion in each individual, some hide it with their mouth and others hide it with their actions. There is no way around it. We all scared. The soldiers of the Vietnam War were terrified only because they did not want to die. Humans are not born killers, and do not know how to play the role of one. The soldiers tried to play this role as best as they could, but some failed. The families and loved ones of the men of the war did not know the role playing was taken place because the soldiers did not want to share it with them. What could someone at home do make them less frightened? The soldiers did not want people at home worrying about them. Dont worry about me, it wont do anyone could. Having people who love you worrying about you all the time only puts more pressure on the soldiers than they already had. The felt they were forced into a job they did not want to do but must do it anyway. Im scared, not scared enough to quit, I am a marine. The relationships between the soldiers and their loved ones changed to do the fact that the experiences of war could not be demonstrated onto a piece of paper. Their families were not there and did not experience what the soldiers did. The loved ones of the soldiers grew closer to the soldiers only out of worry. The soldiers grew closer to their families because they did not want to die. Vietnam can kill me, but it cant make be care. is the Poster slogan of the movie Full Metal Jacket, directed by Stanley Kubrick. The men who were send to train to go to the Vietnam War shared a special relationship between each other that no one from the outside world could understand. They were all scared, yet did not know what they were in for. They knew they could die, but that was not a huge worry for them at that moment. The pain and sadness of going to war was shared with all the men in this camp. Full Metal Jacket showed how the Vietnam War made different relationships between the men fighting in it. They all shared different bonds with each other over different reasons. Some of these marines did not want to show their fear to anyone because it would make them look weak. Private Joker was someone who was terrified of war, but did not want to show it to anyone else. Private Pyle represented the fear and anxiety in all of the soldiers in the war. Private Joker felt the same fear in Pyle and tried to help Pyle and himself overcome the fear. Joker did not want to admit that the insecurities Pyle had were feelings he shared. This was why he hesitated and then hit Pyle five times with the bar of soap and towel, four times more than everyone else. Pyle was his friend but he did not want ..to admit he was like Pyle. These men where trained to be kill the enemy. Pyle killed who he thought was his enemy, himself. The relationships between Joker and Pyle were the bond of terrifying anxiety. .u7ce082c0458d9f4b9409f7466061fc91 , .u7ce082c0458d9f4b9409f7466061fc91 .postImageUrl , .u7ce082c0458d9f4b9409f7466061fc91 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7ce082c0458d9f4b9409f7466061fc91 , .u7ce082c0458d9f4b9409f7466061fc91:hover , .u7ce082c0458d9f4b9409f7466061fc91:visited , .u7ce082c0458d9f4b9409f7466061fc91:active { border:0!important; } .u7ce082c0458d9f4b9409f7466061fc91 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7ce082c0458d9f4b9409f7466061fc91 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7ce082c0458d9f4b9409f7466061fc91:active , .u7ce082c0458d9f4b9409f7466061fc91:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7ce082c0458d9f4b9409f7466061fc91 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7ce082c0458d9f4b9409f7466061fc91 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7ce082c0458d9f4b9409f7466061fc91 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7ce082c0458d9f4b9409f7466061fc91 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7ce082c0458d9f4b9409f7466061fc91:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7ce082c0458d9f4b9409f7466061fc91 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7ce082c0458d9f4b9409f7466061fc91 .u7ce082c0458d9f4b9409f7466061fc91-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7ce082c0458d9f4b9409f7466061fc91:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Drink Up - Drunk Driving Should be Legalized Essay Joker became a close friend with Cowboy because they both shared fear but did not show it. Cowboy and Joker were both laid back and afraid. They shared the connection of not showing your fear, but still having a conscience. They both did not want to be there and questioned why they were in war. Joker and Cowboy shared a friendship that was honest and authentic only because the understood what each other was feeling. They shared a conscience that would not let Vietnam get the best of them. Staying sane was one of the essential survival tips during the Vietnam War. Rafterman was close to comparison with Pyle. He was a quiet person, who wanted to be in combat like everyone else. He was assigned to take the pictures for Jokers articles. Joker did not want Rafterman around because Rafterman acted as Jokers subconscience. Joker did not want to realize that Rafterman was him. Being scared was a feeling Joker did not want to show. The bond Rafterman and Joker shared was the feeling of fear. Joker did not comfort him when he was scared only because he did not know how to comfort himself in the situations of war. Rafterman wanted to be on the field, but when he was faced with that situation he panicked and did not know how to handle it. He did not want to kill, nor did Joker. They shared the fear of feeling like a killer. Not showing human emotions during the Vietnam War was what Animal Lover symbolized. The Marines wanted to turn all of its men into killers. Animal Lover repre sented how playing the role of a killer could turn you into one. He did not listen to orders and was responsible for Cowboys death by bringing him in the snipers range. Animal Lover and Joker did not have a healthy relationship because Animal Lover could see Jokers conscience. Animal Lover did not have a conscience. He let Vietnam take all of his human qualities away from him and turned in him into a monster. Joker did not want to let that happen to him. Animal Lover and Joker did not get along only because Joker keep the faith that this dreadful real life nightmare would be over soon and to make the best of it as much as you can. Animal Lover turned his life into Vietnam. War turned the soldiers emotions into one big roller coaster. They were not sure how they should feel or how they should react to other soldiers who were going through the same predicament. In The Things They Carry, by Tim OBrien, showed the emotions and fear of these men, who did not know how to handle it. War is nasty war is fun. War is thrilling war is drudgery. War makes you a man war makes you dead. (p.87) The soldiers were not sure how to feel about being in war. Each man felt this way and felt each others confusion. They carried all they could bear, and then some, including a silent awe for the terrible power of the things they carried. (p. 9) The soldiers did not want to admit to each other the pain they were carrying around. They were always together, yet they all felt alone. The soldiers were thrown into war and where forced to become close with people they never knew before. They carried their own lives. (p. 15) Each soldier was responsible for all of the men in their unit, yet they had to worry about themselves first. They grew to trust and love each other. That was relevant in war. It did not matter who you were and where you came from they were responsible for each other. Seeing people that you grew close with die right in front of your eyes felt painful scars on these men. You win someand sometimes you settle for a rain check. It was a tired line and no one laughed. (p. 12) Death of a close friend was something that could not be joked about. The relationships of these soldiers grew to such tight bonds, that they would go mad if a friend of just a few days ago were killed. Trying to image how this would feel is unobtainable by anyone who was not in the Vietnam War. The soldiers of the Vietnam War had a silent love for each other. It might have not been expressed, but it was there. People who where in the war could never image the bonds the men shared with each other. The families grew more attached to the soldier because they were frightened. The soldiers were more scared than anyone could image. No one knew how they should feel about the war. The soldiers and the families were confused. Some relationships grew stronger while some weakened. Love was something that kept the soldiers from insanity. The men felt they had to kill because that was why they wer e there. Human nature does not teach someone to kill, but to love. The Vietnam War showed a lot of people the true meaning of love and made secure relationships for life.

The Congenital Heart Defect Biology Essay Example For Students

The Congenital Heart Defect Biology Essay The cardiovascular system is composed of the bosom and the circulatory system. Another organ that is closely associated with the cardiovascular system is the lymphatic system. The lymphatic system filters the blood and removes micro-organisms like viruses and bacteriums. The lymphatic fluid besides assists in presenting foods and O to cells. Other constructions of the cardiovascular system include the blood and the blood vass. The vass are hollow tubings that transport blood throughout the organic structure. Arteries, arteriolas, capillaries, venulas and venas allow the blood to go from the bosom. Microcirculation is the procedure through which O, foods, C dioxide and some waste are exchanged between the fluids that surrounds the cells and the blood. Blood is responsible for presenting foods to the cell and removes wastes that are produced during cellular respiration. We will write a custom essay on The Congenital Heart Defect Biology specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The bosom is responsible for pumping the blood and provision O through the vass. Urges produced by the bosom cause it to contract and relax ; this contraction and relaxation produce a pulse. The bosom round allows the cardiac rhythm to pump blood to each portion of the organic structure. Another chief map of the cardiovascular system is to take O to all the parts of the organic structure. The parts of the organic structure use the O during metabolic procedures. Another map of the cardiovascular system is to take gaseous waste merchandises from the organic structure. The wastes are removed by traveling them to organs that will either interrupt them down or egest them. The cardiovascular system is besides responsible for the conveyance of foods. The cardiovascular system is a complex system ; and there are many upsets that can originate, doing failure. Congenital Heart Defect What is Congenital Heart Defect? The inborn disease affects the development of the cardiovascular system. The word inborn signifies present at birth. There is a huge assortment of conditions that go under this class. Some of them involve terrible bosom deformities ; other defects affect the blood vass that lead off or into the bosom. Congenital bosom defect arise during bosom development shortly after construct and sometimes even before the female parent is cognizant that she is pregnant. This defect ranges from holes between the bosom Chamberss to the absence of one or more valves or Chamberss. A Normal Heart: Valves Arteries These assist in transporting the blood in a circulatory form. Chambers ( organic structure, bosom, lungs, bosom, organic structure ) All valves and Chamberss should work right in order to pump blood through the bosom to the lungs. When the valves, arterias, venas and Chamberss are malformed, the blood circulation can non take topographic point. Therefore the blood flow slows down, be locked wholly, or even travel in the incorrect way. The inborn bosom defect affects 1 in 100 kids. Causes of Congenital Heart Defects Unknown cause: A For most of the bosom defect there is no exact cause. There are grounds that presume that the defects are familial ; nevertheless there are few cistrons that link to the presence of the defect. Therefore these defects are due to a combination of environmental and familial factors. Normally there is 2 to 15 % opportunity of bosom defect to happen in the household once more. Familial syndrome: The individuals that have inborn bosom defect have a peculiar familial status. This specific status includes other wellness upsets. Peoples with this defect may non cognize it ; and the opportunities for their kids to inherit the status are about 50 % . The badness of this disease varies widely on the kid. Some have more serious and others have less serious wellness jobs. Single cistron: A .uc5588975ebc4010139b304105628445b , .uc5588975ebc4010139b304105628445b .postImageUrl , .uc5588975ebc4010139b304105628445b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc5588975ebc4010139b304105628445b , .uc5588975ebc4010139b304105628445b:hover , .uc5588975ebc4010139b304105628445b:visited , .uc5588975ebc4010139b304105628445b:active { border:0!important; } .uc5588975ebc4010139b304105628445b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc5588975ebc4010139b304105628445b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc5588975ebc4010139b304105628445b:active , .uc5588975ebc4010139b304105628445b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc5588975ebc4010139b304105628445b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc5588975ebc4010139b304105628445b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc5588975ebc4010139b304105628445b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc5588975ebc4010139b304105628445b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc5588975ebc4010139b304105628445b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc5588975ebc4010139b304105628445b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc5588975ebc4010139b304105628445b .uc5588975ebc4010139b304105628445b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc5588975ebc4010139b304105628445b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Huckleberry Finn (812 words) EssayThe inborn bosom defects are seldom caused by a individual cistron alterations. When this is the instance more than one of the individuals in the household have a bosom defect. Therefore the opportunities of holding these defect is 50 % . Environmental exposure: A The inborn disease can be caused besides by something the female parent was exposed during gestation. The female parent was exposed to either drug or an infection. Still the opportunities of holding the bosom defect do that transcend the one of an mean individual. Symptoms of Congenital Heart Disease The symptoms of the inborn defects may look at birth, during childhood or they may non look until maturity. There are inborn defects that may hold no symptoms. Adults: When the symptoms are present in grownups they may see ; Breath shortness The ability to make exercising is limited Babies and kids: Poor eating Breathing fastly Poverty in weight addition Lung infections Exercise inability A How Is Congenital Heart Disease Diagnosed? The sensing of the inborn defect may be detected during cheques to Cardiologist. The sensings include: Abnormal sounds of the bosom Heart mutter The testing is furthered depending on the type of bosom mutter. The testing may include: Cardiac catheterisation X raies on the thorax Electrocardiograms Treatment for Congenital Heart Defects Treatment depends on how terrible the defect is, the age of the kid, the size and besides the general wellness. Soon many of the kids that born with this bosom defect, unrecorded even through maturity and have productive lives. There are instances where the bosom defects are mild. These instances do nt demand intervention. Persons with inborn bosom defect should be dealt by a heart specialist who is specialized in this field. Often visits to the heart specialist are indispensable through childhood and even during maturity. Adults: Surgery Medicines Heart grafts Monitored by a bosom specializer lifelong ( most grownups ) Childs: Surgery Interventional fix process Medicines to better bosom maps Decision Congenital bosom defect affects the construction the bosom construction. Congenital bosom defect as the name implies is present at birth. The most common type of birth defect is inborn bosom defect. The bosom starts to develop after construct. While development of the bosom takes topographic point defects in the construction can happen. These structural defects can include the arterias and venas that are close to the bosom ; and even the valves and walls of the bosom. The inborn bosom defect affects or interrupts the flow of blood into and out of the bosom. These defect cause the blood flow to decelerate down, acquire to the incorrect topographic point and even be blocked wholly. The intervention for inborn bosom defect involves surgery, medicines and even bosom grafts. The medicines and interventions for these defects depend on the patient s wellness and the badness of the disease. Many of the inborn bosom defects acquire to be detected and treated during babyhood. Sadly there are are rare instances in which babes with inborn bosom defects are cured. Over the past 50 old ages at that place has been betterment in the medical, diagnostic and operative maps but still many of the circulations do non work in a normal manner. Many of the patients that go through surgery continue to face cardiac jobs that relate to the inborn defect. Therefore after surgery they should hold a medical follow up. Peoples with old surgeries frequently have to confront with a life full of re operations.

Scientific Revolution Essay Example

Scientific Revolution Essay Example Scientific Revolution Essay Scientific Revolution Essay Scientific Revolution – Documents Packet Primary and secondary documents are the backbone of historical research. Primary sources give us a first hand account of an event, while secondary sources give us a broader perspective on an event, given time, distance and new insight. As students of history, we must possess the ability to properly analyze a document in order to understand its value. This packet of documents relating to the â€Å"scientific revolution† of the 16th 17th centuries is designed to sharpen your historical thinking skills. Assignment: 1. Read each document. 2. Discuss what each document is about. 3. Write: What challenges did scientific minded people faced during the 16th and 17th Century? 4. Which documents are most useful in helping you answer the question above? Why? Give examples of individual documents. |Document 1 | |SECONDARY SOURCE: Michael Postan, â€Å"Why Was Science Backward in the Middle Ages? in A Short History of Science: Origins and Results of the Scientific | |Revolution 1991. | |It is generally agreed that the Middle Ages preserved for the use of later times the science of the ancient Greeks and Romans. Therein lies both the | |scientific achievement and the scientific failure of the medieval civilization. . . . What the Middle Ages took over they did not very much enrich. | |Indeed so small was their own contribution that historians of science are apt to regard the Middle Ages as something of a pause or vacuum in | |scientific advancement. . . although some advance on planes both p urely intellectual and technical there was; yet taken together and placed against | |the vast panorama of medieval life, or indeed against the achievements of Greek and Roman science until in the fourth century B. C. , or with the | |scientific activity of the17th century, all these achievements are bound to appear very poor. Why then this poverty? | | | |To this question many answers can be and have been given. But what most of them boil down to is the absence in medieval life of what I should be | |inclined to call scientific incentives. Students of science sometimes differ about the true inspiration of scientific progress. Some seek and find it | |in mans intellectual curiosity, in his desire to understand the workings of nature. Others believe that scientific knowledge grew and still grows out| |of mans attempts to improve his tools and his methods of production; that, in short, scientific truth is a by-product of technical progress. I do not| |want here to take sides in this particular controversy; what I want to suggest is that the Middle Ages were doubly unfortunate in that both the | |inspirations, the intellectual as well as the practical, failed more or less. | | | |The easiest to account for is the intellectual. The Middle Ages were the age of faith, and to that extent they were unfavorable to scientific | |speculation. It is not that scientists as such were proscribed. For on the whole the persecution of men for their scientific ideas was very rare: rare| |because men with dangerous ideas, or indeed with any scientific ideas at all, were themselves very rare; and it is indeed surprising that there were | |any at all. This does not mean that there were no intellectual giants. All it means is that in an age which was one of faith and men of intellect and | |spirit found the calls of faith itself. To put it simply, they had no time for occupations like science. | | | |In fact they had neither the time nor the inclination. For even if there had been enough men to engage in activities as mundane as science, there | |would still be very little reason for them to do so. In times when medieval religious belief stood whole and un- shaken the intellectual objects and | |the methods of science were, to say the least, unnecessary. The purpose of scientific enquiry is to build up piecemeal a unified theory of the | |universe, of its origin and of its working. But in the Middle Ages was that process really necessary? Did not medieval man already possess in God, in | |the story of Creation a complete explanation of how the world came about and of how, by what means and to what purpose, it was being conducted? Why | |question the bible and the church which held the keys to salvation? | | | |So much for intellectual incentive. The practical incentive was almost equally feeble. Greater understanding of nature could not come from technical | |improvements, chiefly because technical improvements were so few. Medieval occupations continued for centuries without appreciable change of method. |After the great period of initial development, i. e. , after the late eleventh century, the routine of medieval farming in the greater part of Europe | |became as fixed as the landscape itself. During the Middle Ages as a whole technical improvement was very rare and very slow. For this medieval | |economic policy was largely to blame†¦. | | | |What is more, so deeply ingrained was the spirit of protection tha t in every local trade the technical methods were treated as a secret. . . The men| |of the Middle Ages were unable to do more than they did because they were lacking in scientific incentive. | |Document 2 | |SECONDARY SOURCE: Sir George Clark, Early Modern Europe. 1982. | |There were an infinite number of motives which led men to engage in scientific work beginning around the 16th Century at about the same time as the | |â€Å"renaissance† and to encourage the scientific point of view. We may group together some of the most important under general headings, always remembering is | |concerned. But Nature, on the other hand, is inexorable and immutable and never transgresses the laws imposed upon her, or cares whether reason and . For the| |Bible is not chained in every expression to conditions as strict as those which govern all physical effects; nor is God any less excellently revealed | |in Natures actions than in the sacred statements of the Bible. . . . The Bible shows the way to go to heaven, not the way the heavens go. | | | |From this I do not mean to infer that we need not have an extraordinary esteem for the passages of Holy Scripture. On the contrary, having arrived at | |any certainties in physics, we ought to utilize these as the most appropriate aids in the true meaning of the Bible and in the investigation of those | |meanings which are necessarily contained therein, for these must be understood with demonstrated truths. I should judge that the authority of the | |Bible was designed to persuade men of those beleifs and propositions which, surpassing all human reasoning, could not be made credible by science, or | |by any other means than through the very mouth of the Holy Spirit. | | |Yet even in those propositions which are not matters of faith, Biblical authority ought to be preferred over that of all human writings which are | |supported only by bare assertions or opinions, and not set forth in a demonstrative way. This I hold to be necessary and proper to the same extent | |that divine wisdom surpasses all human judgment and conjecture†¦ I do not feel obliged to elieve that that same God who has endo wed us with senses, | |reason, and intellect has intended all humanity to forgo their use and by some other means to give us knowledge. | |Document 5 | |PRIMARY SOURCE: The Papal Inquisition’s condemnation of Galileo, 1633. | |We say, pronounce, sentence, and declare that you. he said Galileo, by reason of the matters discussed in trial, and by your confession as you | |rendered, are in the judgment of this Holy Office vehemently suspected of heresy, namely, of having believed and held the doctrine-which is false and| |contrary to the sacred and divine Scripturesthat the Sun is the center of the world and does not move from east to west and that the Earth moves and| |is not the center of the world†¦ | | | |Furthermore, your opinion has been declared and defined to be contrary to the Holy Scripture; and that consequently you have incurred all the censures| |and penalties imposed and stated in the sacred laws of the Church, for [breaking] this sacred law | | | |From whi ch we are content that you be absolved, provided that, first, with a sincere heart and unfeigned faith, you renounce, curse, and detest before| |us the aforesaid errors and heresies and every other error and heresy contrary to the Catholic and Apostolic Roman Church in the form to be prescribed| |by us for you. | Document 6 PRIMARY SOURCE | |Isaac Newton, The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy, 1729. | |RULE 1 | |We are to admit no more causes of natural things, than such as are both true and sufficient to explain their appearances. | |To this purpose the philosophers say, that Nature does nothing in vain, and more is in vain, when less will serve; for Nature is pleased with simplicity, and | |affects not the pomp of superfluous causes. | |RULE II | |Therefore to the same natural effects we must, as far as possible, assign the same causes. |As to respiration in a man, and in a beast; the descent of stones in Europe and in America; the light of`our culinary fire and of t he sun; the reflection of | |light in the earth, and in the planets | |RULE III | |The qualities of bodies, which admit neither intension nor remission of degrees, and which are found to belong to all bodies within reach of our experiments, | |are to be esteemed the universal qualities of all bodies whatsoever. | |For since the qualities of bodies are only known to us by experiments, we are to hold for universal, all such as universally agree with experiments. We are | |certainly not to relinquish the evidence of experiments for the sake of dreams and vain fictions of our own devising†¦. Lastly, if it universally appears, by | |experiments and astronomical observations, that all bodies about the earth, gravitate toward the earth; and that in proportion to the quantity of matter which | |they severally contain; that the moon likewise, according to the quantity of its matter, gravitates toward the earth; that on the other hand our sea gravitates| |toward the moon; and all the planets mutually one toward another; we must, in consequence of this rule, universally allow, that all bodies whatsoever are | |endowed with a principle of mutual gravitation. I affirm gravity to be essential to all bodies. By their inherent force I mean nothing but their force of` | |inertia. This is immutable. | |RULE IV | |In experimental philosophy we are to look upon propositions collected by general induction from phenomena as accurately or very nearly true, notwithstanding | |any contrary hypotheses that may be imagined, till such time as other phenomena occur, by which they may either be made more accurate, or liable to exceptions. | | | |This rule we must follow that the argument of experimentation and evidence may not be evaded by hypotheses. |

A 5 page critical review on the article Why is Quebec Separatism off

A 5 page critical review on the Why is Quebec Separatism off the Agenda Reducing National Unity Crisis in the Neoliberal Era - Article Example Their article looks at the reasons why the Quebec separatist agenda has quelled down over the recent years in the context of the neo-liberal era in Canadian federalism. The authors provide renewed intergovernmental agreements and neo-liberalism reasons for the eroding of Quebec’s separatism agenda over the recent years. The changing landscape of cooperation between the federal and provincial governments shaped by neo-liberal forces has assisted in dampening Quebec’s separatist agenda. This is a true assessment by the authors on the changing dynamics of Quebec’s separatism agenda (Changfoot & Cullen 772). The acknowledgment of fiscal imbalance between federal and provincial governments has led to specific initiatives targeting the province of Quebec. These initiatives have focused on creating a balance between the province and the federal government and thus changing the view on separatism by Quebecers. Neo-liberal forces have led to increased intergovernmental relations between Quebec and the federation and this has helped the province in mending its political culture of withdrawal. The neo-liberal direction taken by the federal government has necessitated a room for cooperation between Quebec and the federal states. Through this cooperation, a number of Quebec’s demands have b een satisfied and in the process ascertaining that federalism still works for the province of Quebec. The authors are right in assessing that placing more focus on Quebec’s economic development, prosperity and culture has ensured that the federal government has achieved to sell national unity to the province of Quebec. The author’s also contend that neo-liberalism in the federal government has allowed for keeping separatism off the agenda of Quebec. This is a correct assessment by the author’s. Historically, Quebec has always called for autonomy and independence off the federal government. The author’s provide a historical perspective from the 1940s and 1950s

The impact of the Land Registration Act 2002 on the conveyancing Essay

The impact of the Land Registration Act 2002 on the conveyancing process in registered land - Essay Example It served well for nearly 80 years and was able to cope with the fundamental economic and social changes that took place over that time. Today, nearly all land is ‘registered land’ and the system underwent significant reform with the enactment of the Land Registration Act (LRA) 2002 that entered into force on 13 October 2003. The Land Registration Act 2002 has been received with much critical acclaim, and rightly so. It is a work of monumental importance and monumental effort. Law Commission Report No 271 was itself the last in a long series of Reports discussing, proposing, rejecting and recommending changes to the fundamentals of the land registration system established by the Land Registration Act 1925 . As is well known, the Act of 2002 is designed to revolutionize conveyancing in England and Wales and to bring the land registration system established by the 1925 Land Registration Act into the modern age. In fact LRA 2002 was primarily designed to facilitate e-convey ancing: that is the holding and transfer of estates and interests in land electronically. This goal of a virtually paper free conveyancing system has not yet been achieved because the e-conveyancing provisions of the LRA 2002 have not yet been triggered , but the structure of registered land under 2002 Act is designed to ensure that e-conveyancing will work when the remaining technological issues have been resolved.

Pilgrimage's Role in Development of Buddhism in Japan Essay

Pilgrimage's Role in Development of Buddhism in Japan - Essay Example The Kumano within the Southern Wakayama Prefecture ended up becoming a large center for pilgrims and adherents of Shugendo Sect during Heina Period. Some other significantly important pilgrimages at the time were to Mt. Koya, Hasedera (Kyoto) and Shitenno-ji  (Osaka) (Swanson & Chilson 2006). Between 160 and 1868 AD, during the Edo Period, the number of persons making pilgrimages to Shinto Shrines and Buddhist temples increased rapidly, particularly to the Kotohira Shrine, the Ise Shrine, the 88 Shikoku temples, Zenkoji (Nagano), Mt. Fuji (Shizuoka), and the Kiso Ontake (Nagoya) (Reynolds  2001; Covell 2005). One phenomenon during Edo Era was the special pilgrimage to Ise-Jingu Shrine, known as Okage Mairi. The tradition of Okage Mairi has continued to be unabated even the contemporary Japanese society, with approximately 6 million people paying a visit to Ise Jingu Shrines per annum. Perhaps behind the phenomenon lies some nostalgic past: Resurgent interest in the region and som e desire for a temporary escape from the over-crowded urban settings (Alisal, Ackermann, Dolores 2007). Pilgrimage and Development of Buddhism The history of pilgrimage in Japan could be traced back to the early years, at least by the era of Nara, between 7610-794 AD. The pilgrimages flourished during the initial day, through Heian era (947-1185). At the time, the aristocrats and the imperial family were the most active pilgrims (Kaempfer 1995). During the latter days of the ninth century, the imperial family members took some interest in the religious visits to various shrines in the country and the temples that existed outside Japanese capital of Kyoto. From the late tenth century, the custom became adopted by the aristocrats, to a certain... The development of pilgrimages within Japanese society could greatly be conditioned to geographical, cultural, religious or topographical factors. There were there primary types of pilgrimages among the Japanese: Pilgrimage to the sacred mountains, pilgrimage to the shrines and temples based on the enshrined divinities and pilgrims to the sacred places, which are based on special powers of charismatic persons such as Buddha. The pilgrimages to the sacred mountains were founded on Buddhist notion of jiriki, self power, an idea that made those who are self strong via ascetic practices. Buddhists believed that there was a need of training for one to obtain some special powers, which were acquired through regular visits to the holy mountains. The non-Buddhists specialists like the healers, the ascetics and the shamans as well as the greater public also acquired the special powers. During the Middle Ages (twelfth and eleventh) aristocrats believed in pilgrimages to the sacred mountains to help them experience Pure Land while they were still living. Moreover, it was believed that kami of the mountains were manifestations of the Buddhists divinities; they were merely special ascetics, and would be guided by the aristocrats within the region. By the nineteenth century, there were more that 17,000 senior guides that were familiar with the sacred mountains. Even as the aristocracy and courtship declined during the initial days of Tokugawa era, there was a novel phenomenon emerging in already existing mountain pilgrimage beliefs. There were four major pilgrimage sites that had been recommended by Buddha.

Fathers Of Twentieth Century Neoclassical Realism Politics Essay

Fathers Of Twentieth Century Neoclassical Realism Politics Essay The father of twentieth century Neoclassical Realism, Hans Morgenthau has a similar view but under the signpost of interests which are defined in terms of power but combining the principle of rational order with politics, where the type of interests vary in relation to foreign policy (Hans J. Morgenthau, Politics Among Nations: The Struggle for Power and Peace, Fifth Edition, New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1978, pp. 4-15.). On the other hand, Neo-Realists (also known as structural realists), such as Kenneth Waltz dismiss human nature as an explanation of IR behaviour within the realm of politics; they rather base their theories on structural constraints (ref). This strand of realism thus holds that the international arena is defined by anarchy and the number of great powers in the international arena. These states are seen as sovereign and equal, thus each state seeking its own interest and will not give up its interests up to another state. Thus states are always in a state of aggressiv e behaviour. The realist belief that states are innately aggressive has given rise to different variants of realism. Offensive realism like other strands of realism view states as the main players or actors in the international arena but with the view that conflict is based on anarchy of the international system and not on human nature and characteristics as proposed by Morgenthau. Offensive realism thus views states as hegemonic, with an insatiable appetite to maximise power thus ensuring security and survival. Furthermore, defensive realism, another variant views international system provides encourages expansion only under certain conditions, where anarchy creates the circumstances where by the tools that a state uses to amplify its security causes an inverse reaction i.e. diminishes the security of other states. This creates a security dilemma where states are in constant worry over one anothers future and relative powers. Most notable examples of this variant of realism include balance-of-po wer theory and security dilemma theory (Sources: Jeffrey W. Taliaferro, Security-Seeking Under Anarchy: Defensive Realism Reconsidered, International Security, 25, 3, Winter 2000/2001: 152-86; and John J. Mearsheimer, (2002), Tragedy of Great Power Politics, W.W. Norton, New York). The purpose of this essay is to answer the question of whether or not Realism is a bellicose tradition of thought. I have started off the first section of this essay (above) by giving a brief oversight of realism and its variants. The remainder of this essay will discuss how realism and realists view war, conflict, and their ethics. The third section examines how different variants of realism view war and conflict. The fourth section provides a case study and the views of notable realists on wars, such as the Iraq War (in 2003). Finally the last section of this essay summarises the preceding arguments and argues that although realism talks of war and studies war and conflict, it is by no means bellicose tradition of thought. Realism and Power: It is common that critics of realism view realists as immoral or a school of thought that does not involve ethics. On the other hand, classical realists such as Thucydides (460-411 B.C.) viewed politics with an eye for moral questions. This is evident when he asks whether relations between states to which power is fundamental can accomplished through an eye of justice and peace. Thucydides through his book History of the Peloponnesian War has inspired many realists as he gives an acknowledged classical text in international relations. In his book, realism is expressed in speeches and dialogues of Athenians showing a debate in Sparta before the Peloponnesian war. Furthermore it is through realist views and explanations that Thucydides explains the cause for such a war through a Melian Diaglogue made by Athenian envoys. Realists exhibit and highlight the limitations imposed by the nature of human beings on politics. This human nature according to realists is defined as being egoist hence power and security become the main issue when looking at the factors that contribute to conflict in IR. It is through Thucydides that the notion and main building blocks of state actors, anarchy, security and power are defined within the context of realist tradition. To take two main points from Thucydides into account: Thucydides describes the debate in Sparta (Chapter 1 Par. 76) that the Athenians have a preference of self-interest over morality. That is, the analogies and concerns of right or wrong have never turned people aside from the opportunities of aggrandizement offered by superior strength (chap. 1 par. 76). Realists find an anarchical world and security as a central issue in their school of thought. To achieve security, states increase their strength and power, thus formulating a power-balancing paradigm in order to deter prospective enemies. Thucydides further stresses this issue by locating the cause of war in the change in the balance of power between the Delian League (led by Athens) and the Peloponnesian League (led by Sparta). It is the conviction of Thucydides that the fear of the increase in Athenian power and Spartas future security vulnerability that led Sparta into war (1.23). Realists are skeptical about applying morals to international relations and its politics i.e. there is no place for morality in IR, that is to say there is a rejection of ethical norm. This can be highlighted within the Melian Dialogue (5.85-113) when Athens invaded the island of Melos. The Melians were offered a choice, annihilation or admit defeat, without the recourse to justice, just to think of their survival. The Athenians were hence stressing the fact that since any authority above the state does not exist, and in the case of the Melians, the only right is that of the stronger, hence survival of the fittest. To shine light on this matter further, the Athenians equate right with power and thus disregard issues of justice, ethics and morals from foreign affairs, in this case war. Critics of IR have always juxtaposed classical realism with that of idealism or even liberalism. That is to say liberals and idealists view the world through emphasis on international standards, interdependence among states and international and economic cooperation. The Melian Dialogue of Thucydides gives rise to one of the first debates between idealist and realist schools of thought, that is, whether politics can be based on moral thoughts drawn from justice or will politics be seen as a struggle for interests and power? To take a closer look at the Athenian argument of the Melian Dialogue, it is clear that it is based on realist notions of security and power. There is a clear disregard for moral talk and thus advise the Melians to take a closer look at the status quo. Here the status quo is that of Melians inferior military capabilities, thus advising the Melians to think about their survival (5.87; 5.101). Furthermore, another description of this realist status quo is the fact that Athenians base their argument around security issues, self interest and power. On the other hand, when looking at the Melian situation closely, it is clear that the Melians are weak and do not risk the security and self interests of the Athenians. In his book, Thucydides remains neutral to the thoughts of the Athenians and Melians, i.e. supports neither the idealists nor the realists. Therefore, if Thucydides is to be regarded as a realist, he would not be seen as one that resembles a member of the realpolitik that denies ethics and morals, but one that is neither amoral or immoral (ref) and can be compared to realists such as Hans Morgenthau (discussed later) where they are rational to the views of national interest and also place moral aspects to the way political actors should act in the international arena. It was not until the 15th century that Niccolà ² Machiavelli was born and challenged the notion of morality and ethical standards in Christian political spheres. His approach, indeed a novel one for his time lies in his criticism of the unrealistic attributes of Western politics. Thus, after setting the ground for a new ground into realist doctrine, Machiavelli skews away from the teachings of early scholars towards the effectual truth of the matter rather than the imagined one (chapter XV of The Prince), i.e. a realist truth and view. Machiavelli hence replaced morality in politics with the ends justifies the means, i.e. whatever is good for the state and not ethical or scruples norms, in other words what is encompassed in the phrase ragione di stato or its French equivalent, raison dà ©tat (ref). Although Machiavelli is often seen as the father of both modern political strategy and defense of the republican form of government, he may also be seen as the one that caused the demoralization of Europe by challenging the Christian views of the union between politics and ethics. Before Machiavellism, it is thought that the notion of using any means and all means in the state of war was unheard of. As a result, Machiavellism gave rise to masses of armies fighting each other, where the morality has lost its validity and presence in the political moiety. This concept of politics where ethics according to Machiavelli was now under two: private and public and the principle of raison dà ©tat would further give rise to politics of Lebensraum and world wars. It is in my opinion, as well as other political commentators (ref) that realism has an inclination to drift into an extreme standpoint where the ends justify the means at the expense of other states, no matter how immoral or amoral the policy is. The end goal is the security and power of the state in an anarchical world. Thomas Hobbes: Morality and Anarchy Thomas Hobbes (1588-1683) realism came through around the same time as Machiavelli, his views of human behavior was that they are particularly individualistic rather than moral or ethical, as Hobbes mentions in his Leviathan, humans are subjected to a perpetual and restless desire of power after power, that ceases only in death (Leviathan XI 2), hence are always in a power struggle. These concepts are briefly summarized in the fact that humans are egoistic, in a state of international anarchy, and their view of politics is rooted in a power struggle. Thus when comparing schools of thought, it is clearly visible that Hobbes views have a great affinity towards neorealism. Taking the concept of anarchy as a state or nature further, Hobbes clearly mentions that the world is in a state of war as is of every man against every man (XII 8). That is to say that the status quo of the world we live in is a state of war. The views of Hobbes are deduced from the an individuals behavior, that is individuals are selfish and egoistic and may use force at any given moment without recourse to morals, encouraged by competition for wealth and power. Hence, individuals may even invade one another for gain; take preemptive measures to ensure their safety. Hobbes therefore mentions that humans endeavor to destroy or subdue one another (XIII 3) whether for gain, safety or power. Overall, in this regard, where conditions are of potential aggressors are optimum, realists believe that it is best to make war rather than peace, where the world becomes Darwinian; i.e. survival of the fittest. When analyzing Hobbes writings in Leviathan, it is apparent that Hobbes views the relationship between individuals and the state as a primary focus. To indulge deeper into this argument, Hobbes views that once states are formed, the individuals running the state control the states behavior, hence their lust and drive for power i.e. domination of other states. This is evident where Hobbes mentions that states, for their own securityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦enlarge their dominions upon all pretences of danger and fear of invasion or assistance that may be given to invadersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.endeavour as much as they can, to subdue and weaken their neighbors (XIX 4). Furthermore, Hobbes also argues that even though there is a war of all against all, that does not mean that states are always in a state of war, but they are always on guard and expect war at any given moment (XIII 8). Furthermore, to evade war and overcome fighting, Hobbes does not support a social contract or deal between nations like the UN to end international anarchy. He also does not believe that war could ever be obliterated from the world we live in. Furthermore, it would also seem that Hobbes believes that the continuous condition of anarchy and insecurity which states are in is not reflected in the insecurity experienced by the individuals (statesmen). Hence as long as there is no onset of war between states, statesmen can feel safe. It is evident when reading through Hobbes Leviathan that there is a common view shared between Machiavelli and Hobbes when it comes to their denial of moral principles and the support of the notion of raison dà ©tat. On the other hand, although they both also view independent states are enemies by nature, selfish and egotistical, what differentiates them is that Machiavelli has a view of doing anything it takes to bring forward to what is advantageous to the state. Hobbes view of classical realism is one with a defensive nature of foreign policy. His approach unlike Machiavelli, is a that of prudence and pacifism where sovereign states should be liaised towards peace through reason. Furthermore, although Hobbes views the world as anarchical and immoral, he does not view it as one with no rules. Hobbes believes that because certain rules of reason do exist therefore there may be some leeway for international cooperation achieved through jointly beneficial treaties between sovereign s tates. On the other hand, Hobbes does not dismiss the fact that international rules will also be ineffective in ceasing the struggle for power through war. That is to say, states will interpret these rules according to their own interests thus ignoring international laws and commitments. This therefore highlights the egotistical, selfish and greedy nature of states through Hobbes pessimistic view of relations between sovereign states in IR. The idea of the creation of modern (20th century) realism arose from the attitude and results of the emergence of an idealist school of thought most notably after WWI. These liberals also known by synonyms just as idealists or utopians had an aim of building peace by the virtue of creating a system of international law intertwined with international ogranisations. This gave rise to the League of Nations via the interwar idealism in 1920 followed by the Kellogg-Briand Pact of 1928 that prohibited war and propagated the peaceful settlement of interstate disputes. It was the advocacy on behalf of scholars like the U.S. President Woodrow Wilson, a political scientist by profession that focused their abilities uniting humanity and appealing to rationality and morality. It was the view of utopians like Wilson that saw war as an imperfection of social conditions that could be improved rather that it being a primordial of egoistic human nature. On the other hand, the hopes of utopians were short live, and although Wilson was the main advocate for the League of Nations, the US never joined, and with the withdrawals of Japan and Germany, a second world war broke out. By that time, realists such as E. H. Carr has been heavily criticizing the liberal school of thought. It was the works of realists such as Carr and Morgenthau that influenced the creation of what is thought to be a liberally induced United Nations in 1945. Carrs famous work on international relations, famously known as The Twenty Years Crisis (1939) focuses on a rebuttal of the idealist utopian views of international relations. Carr criticizes and challenges the idealist views of the harmony of interests where he believes that morality can only be relative, not universal (19). Furthermore, he mentions that the principle of the harmony of interests is created by privileged groups to justify and maintain their dominant position (75). When Carr argues his central idea of moral principles, he refers to and uses a concept that can be traced back to Marxist theories (ref) of the relativity of thought. His idea is that the interests of a particular group will always pave the way and be deterministic of what that group deems as moral principles, hence not universal as utopians might believe. It is also worthy to note that as Carr views a politicians use of morally discrediting or slandering an enemy as an act created by actual policies. Thus t hese policies in realist views are dependent on interests of the parties involved and not universal and independent of interests as utopians claim (ref). Carr also views that values and interests are also not universal, where a party that acts on these values and interests are basically their own interests; and what is best for that party is best for everyone (71). A further theory put out by Carr contradicts an idealist principle of harmony of interests where humans can be rational and cooperate to achieve those interests. Carr believes that humans actually have different interests, therefore would compete and between them to achieve their goals, this is what he terms conflict of interests (ref). This conflict of interests thus coalesces with a Hobbesinian view that morality is dominated by a coercive power (ref) (61). Therefore, Carr believes that international moral principles are enforced by countries with power over other nations with no or less power, hence, morals are made to subdue weaker nations into dominance (ref). Carr also views morals and views of peace, justice and international order as the status quo. He further supports this argument by viewing that states or powers that are happy with the current status quo view the current status as just, and those who dont, view it as unjust and would therefore end up in going to war (76). Furthermore, Carr also views that if peace cannot be attained through war then the best way to ensure peace is to satisfy powers greater than the weaker state: Those who profit most by [international] order can in the longer run only hope to maintain it by making sufficient concessions to make it tolerable to those who profit by it least (152). The Realism of Hans Morgenthau, Morals and Power Hans Jochaim Morgenthau was an avid neoclassical realist thinker influenced by the works of Hobbes and Reinhold Niebuhr. He presents a fact that humans have an insatiable lust for power identifying it with animus dominandi, the desire to rule or dominate. This desire Morgenthau sees is the pivotal root cause of conflict: international politics, like all politics, is a struggle for power (25). In his main work, Politics among Nations, Morgenthau bases his theories of realism on six main principles. It is in the second principle that Morgenthau clearly presents his argument of where state leaders think and act in terms of interest defined as power (5). This concept presents two main points: firstly is the autonomy of politics from other fields such as economics, religion and ethics. Furthermore, the second principle allows for the analysis of foreign policy without recourse to motives and morals of statesmen or politicians, hence the presence rationality in international politics. But, unlike Machiavelli, Morgenthau does not completely devour ethics from politics. In his fourth principle, Morgenthau explains the relationship between realism and ethics. He mentions that Universal moral principlesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.cannot be applied to the actions of states in their abstract universal formulation, but à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦they must be filtered through the concrete circumstances of time and place (9). That is, there is always some form of friction between morality and political decisions. Morgenthau also stresses the need for prudence when applying his principle as political morality cannot exist without prudence, i.e. without consideration of the political consequences of seemingly moral action (ibid.). To take a closer look at his central themes of power and interest, Morgenthau believes that moral and ethics are not sufficient to comprehend the dynamics of international politics, there therefore has to be a balance in power interests. Morgenthau like Carr was doubtful and pessimistic at how idealists viewed politics in that they never took into account the harsh and negative lesson of history. Morgenthau further contested that the ethics of evil as an inherent part of foreign policy. This is due to the fact that politicians may not have a choice between right or wrongà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. but rather between bad and worse (ref). Morgenthaus realist views stresses on the pessimistic vision of foreign policy, thus creating version of ethics that intertwines power and morality together, a view also shared by Max Webers ethics (ref). Morgenthaus view of ethics was born out of harsh lesson from the failure of the League of Nations to the fascist actions of Nazi Germany and the dangers of communism. Therefore national interests to Morgenthau were an utmost priority as long as these interests contributed to a balance of power; a balance between power, interest and ethics (2). This to Morgenthau is fact and reality as opposed to the idealists utopian views. Morgenthau further emphasized his point by: I prefer the brutality of realist inquiry over the confused sentimentality that neglects its interests and does not get to the point.(3). Furthermore, according to Morgenthau and the concept of animus dominandi, mans strife for power makes man greedy hence taking everything for themselves and depriving their neighbours. Morgenthaus view thus makes him a promoter of power poltics, but on the contrary, Morgenthaus realism offers elements of morals and ethics to utilize power adequately thus giving rise to morally good results (ref). Morgenthaus neoclassical realism was indeed a mix between limiting power intertwined with morality, balanced with tolerance and self constraint made his neoclassical form of realism appealing. . Political theorists have long seen Morgenthau with an eye of immorality. On the other hand, when looking closer (as mentioned above), Morgenthau has been in agreement with Max Weber in that decisions based on moral values could not be justified rationally thus deeming him a realist with morals aspects. Furthermore, Morgenthau also viewed the world as morally imperfect and corrupt, thus should have some morality incorporated to it. This is evident in his opposition to the Vietnam War. He clearly opposed US foreign policy during that war, and thus called for a realist foreign policy based on national interest. Overall, Morgenthau was a harsh critic and opponent of US intervention and foreign policy in Asia. On the other hand, he advocated for a peaceful coexistence with communist Russia and thus advocated a dual strategy of military might and a willingness to seek dà ©tente. His support was clearly expressed when Kissinger and Nixon attempted to enforce a more moderate realist strategy toward Communist powers (China and Russia) hence creating a multipolar world led by the US via the use of Morgenthaus balance of power and his dà ©tente (4). Finally, Morgenthau has advocated a mixture of prudence, morality and realist views of national interest and balance of power in his politics. His advocacy supports Friedrich Meineckes concept of raison detat and when combined with his realist views, makes an effect and coherent realist model.

Anterior Crucient Ligament :: essays papers

Anterior Crucient Ligament The Anterior Crucient Ligament also known as the ACL is usually injured in a forceful twisting motion of the knee. It also may be injured by hyper extending the knee witch is when the femur is forcefully pushed across the tibia such as a sudden stop, while running or a sudden change in weight. The person will feel or here a sudden pop in the knee. The knee may or may not get very swollen, but the knee will be very unstable so you can not walk and it is painful especially when it is moved after the accident. The anterior crucient ligament is a band of tissue which has two major strands is in the center of the knee and it crosses the posterior crucient ligament and extends from the back of the femur to the front of the tibia . The ACL’s purpose is to give you the ability to stand and walk and prevents the tibia from moving forward. Two months after I had surgery on my meniscus, I went snowboarding and crashed into a tree. My right leg was stuck in my binding and the board twisted and I felt a sharp pain and fell to the ground, but I got up and kept going. After the season was over I went to the doctor and got an MRI scan, it showed that I had torn my ALC.

Report of Virtue Ethics and Animals Essay

Prompt #1 Rosalind Hursthouse is a renowned moral philosopher who champions virtue ethics, one of the three major approaches in normative philosophy. In contrast to deontology and consequentialism, virtue ethics is an agent-centered approach that answers the question of â€Å"what should I be? † while does not provide clear rule or ethical answers on why one should/should not act. (Guidry-Grimes, 1/31/2013) Virtue ethics empathizes the role of moral character embodied by the moral agent for assessing his/her ethical behavior and character. In other word, we think what would a virtuous moral agent will act under given circumstance, and he/she typically does what is virtuous and avoid what is vice. The principles of virtue ethics are the â€Å"v-rules†, namely thinking in terms of virtues and vices, as a virtue person â€Å"do what is compassionate, do not what is cruel. † Applying the â€Å"v-rules† is highly contextual and heavily based on specific circumstances, under which the moral agent should evaluate what are virtuous to act and avoid actions of vices. Most importantly, in virtue ethics, although virtues and vices are given many vocabulary or ways to describe, there is no rule that specify what the type actions belongs to virtues or vices. For example, compassion can be a virtue or a fault depending on specific scenario (Hurtshouse, 126). Therefore, it is important to recognize that determination of virtuous character and what action would deem virtuous is not always forthright and clear. (Hurtshouse, 127) Having established what virtue ethics is, Hursthouse argues that the concept of moral status is unnecessary and irrelevant for applied virtue ethics. Both deontology and consequentialism, two other branches of normative ethics, are heavily depended upon the moral status concept which essentially divides everything into two classes: things with moral status that are within our â€Å"circle of concern† and worthwhile of moral principles and things without moral 1|Page Ye, Kening Prompt #1 status and are outside of the â€Å"circle†. Hursthouse has pointed out several issues related to the moral status arguments. It is hard to draw a fine line for determining what deem moral status. Things without moral status can become of our moral concern if they have sentient value and moral worth to those we concern thus they become valuable to us. If to expand â€Å"the circle of concern† to all sentient animals, it becomes over-simplified and problematic for our moral decision making as beings with moral status can make â€Å"competing claims† that may require us to further distinguish their features in order to justify our decision making (Hursthouse, 123). In addition, it is criticized as speciesim if to only keep human beings with moral status. Although Hurtshouse compares and contrasts the characteristics of speciesim and familysm, and concludes that giving moral preference for our species, namely human beings, is â€Å"sometimes wrong but sometimes right† (Hursthouse, 122), another issue is that we sometimes cannot avoid to evaluate the significance of moral worth among members of moral status. In short, the common consensus is that all humans are within â€Å"the circle of concern†. The moral status arguments not only give human being strong preference over nonhuman beings but also have instilled priority in decision making for moral agents. As Hursthouse argue, attaching the concept of moral status does not contribute to virtue ethics but only adds complications. If to apply the moral status conception into animal ethics, we are directed to act divisively upon two different groups, namely humans and nonhuman animals, in terms of our treatment and attitude. As such, our treatment and attitude toward the groups are often distinguished since preference is always given to human beings under universal circumstance. However, on the other hand, virtue ethics challenges us, as moral agents, to strive for virtues and deliver actions that are deemed virtuous in nature. This approach is heavily 2|Page Ye, Kening Prompt #1 Prompt #1 status and are outside of the â€Å"circle†. Hursthouse has pointed out several issues related to the moral status arguments. It is hard to draw a fine line for determining what deem moral status. Things without moral status can become of our moral concern if they have sentient value and moral worth to those we concern thus they become valuable to us. If to expand â€Å"the circle of concern† to all sentient animals, it becomes over-simplified and problematic for our moral decision making as beings with moral status can make â€Å"competing claims† that may require us to further distinguish their features in order to justify our decision making (Hursthouse, 123). In addition, it is criticized as speciesim if to only keep human beings with moral status. Although Hurtshouse compares and contrasts the characteristics of speciesim and familysm, and concludes that giving moral preference for our species, namely human beings, is â€Å"sometimes wrong but sometimes right† (Hursthouse, 122), another issue is that we sometimes cannot avoid to evaluate the significance of moral worth among members of moral status. In short, the common consensus is that all humans are within â€Å"the circle of concern†. The moral status arguments not only give human being strong preference over nonhuman beings but also have instilled priority in decision making for moral agents. As Hursthouse argue, attaching the concept of moral status does not contribute to virtue ethics but only adds complications. If to apply the moral status conception into animal ethics, we are directed to act divisively upon two different groups, namely humans and nonhuman animals, in terms of our treatment and attitude. As such, our treatment and attitude toward the groups are often distinguished since preference is always given to human beings under universal circumstance. However, on the other hand, virtue ethics challenges us, as moral agents, to strive for virtues and deliver actions that are deemed virtuous in nature. This approach is heavily 2|Page Ye, Kening Prompt #1.

Henry David Thoreau Essays - Lecturers, Transcendentalism

Henry David Thoreau Essays - Lecturers, Transcendentalism Henry David Thoreau Henry David Thoreau American literature during the first half of the nineteenth century took many forms and ideas that still effect our ever so changing society today. Henry David Thoreau was among the notable writers during this time, and his impact of American literature will not soon be forgotten. His perseverance, love for nature, and humanitarian beliefs helped to mold the ideas and values of early American history. He was born in Concord, Massachusetts on July 12 in 1817. His parents, both abolitionists of slavery, were John and Cynthia Thoreau. During his childhood years his parents, along with Henrys older siblings John Jr. and Helen, often took the family on long walks though the valleys and hills of Concord. The seeds of Henrys love for nature were planted during this time. As a young school boy, at the Concord public school and later at the Concord Academy, many of his peers sought after him as loner who took everything too serious. In 1833 Henrys parents had saved enough money to send him off to college at Harvard University. Even though he barely passed the entrance exam, he would later become one of the top students in his graduating class. In 1836 financial and health problems forced Thoreau to postpone his studies at Harvard and seek a job. He taught school for a semester in Canton, Massachusetts and returned to Harvard in the Spring of 1837. He took a full load of classes that Spring and Summer semesters and graduated in August of 1837. After graduating Thoreau had no idea what he wanted to do with his education. After debating over many different careers he finally concluded that teaching would be his calling. He landed a position at Center School in 1837 in Concord, however he resigned two weeks later after many teachers and students complained of his teaching methods and strictness in the classroom. Over the next year he worked many small jobs around Concord, and also became friends with Ralph Waldo Emerson. The elder Emerson influenced Thoreau in his belief in Transcendentalism. Thoreau was indelibly marked by his mentors philosophy (Sanborn 122). In 1838 Henry and his brother John started their own public school in Concord. John taught English and math, while Henry taught science and foreign languages. The brothers had completely different teaching methods and often times came at odds with each other. Nevertheless, the school brought in more and more enrollment every year. In 1841 John became deathly ill and they were forced to close the school. It was during this time, while watching his brother die, Henry began writing the Dial. The Dial was mostly poetry and short essays written over the following four years. Despite the prolong struggle with John health, he died in 1842. The death of John stuck Henry severely. After his death Henry sought after his brother through travels in nature in remembrance of his brothers love for nature. In 1844 another unfortunate event happen when Thoreau and a friend, Edward Hoar, where camping in the Concord woods. Thoreau accidentally started a fire that would burn up a larough Thoreau could easily afford it he refuse and was sent to jail. Thoreau believed that he would set an example for the community in revolting against the tax. Eventually Thoreaus sister would pay the tax for Henry and get him out of jail. After living at Walden Pond for a year he once again ran into financial difficulties. He moved in with the Emersons, and later with his parents in 1947. Once again he found himself without a steady job (Paul 25). In 1848 he became somewhat of a professional in surveying and lecturing. Over the next five years Thoreau worked diligently on revising Walden and later wrote A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers. The last fifteen years of his life he traveled much of the upper United States and Canada. It was also during this time that Thoreau became a strong advocate of abolition. He was one of the few that supported John Browns protests.Perhaps taxation and slavery were issues on which he felt compelled to take a public stand precisely because they were so clearly threats to the individual integrity and freedom of every American, whether free or slave. (Schnieder 23) In 1861 he became seriously ill with weak lungs. Doctors told him to go to Minnesota where the air was drier and easier on easier on his lungs. When he was well enough, he moved their with a friend named Horace Mann Jr. Shortly

Free Essays on Guns Of August

The Guns of August BOOK SUMMARY In May of 1910, the funeral of Edward VII of England took place. There were many royals in attendance there, including Kaiser William II of Germany, who disliked his uncle Edward and accused him of the encirclement of Germany. Edwards sociability resulted in reconciliation with France and a new friendship with Germany. Both arose the displeasure of William, who tried to rectify his situation with Russia and get them away from France although this failed. Soon thereafter, several publications on the prediction of a coming war were made public. Edwards magnificent funeral had the greatest assemblage of royalty and rank ever gathered in one place and, of its kind, the last. This was also to be the state of things prior to the first World War. PLANS Germany, France, Britain, and Russia were all prepared to make war, which was almost inevitable. Each country formulated secret military strategies that were to be used during this great war. Germanys plan of attack was the original idea of Count Alfred von Schlieffen. He, not wanting to fight a two-front war, decided to attack France first, swiftly by way of Belgium and attacking from the rear thus bringing about Frances envelopment. Although Belgium was declared neutral territory, he felt that it was a military necessity. This left East Prussia scarcely guarded, using primarily reserves, but the plan was to achieve a quick victory over France followed by an attack on Russia. Although it was predicted that a longer war might result because of the modernization of resources, it was not followed through with and no plans for a long battle were made. Instead, the idea of a decisive battle was held on to. In France, their military strategy was at first to attack Germany with a two-prong ed offensive through Germanys center and left. Their main goal was to win back Alsace-Lorraine. General Ferdinand Foch was mainly in control of French military thinking and belie... Free Essays on Guns Of August Free Essays on Guns Of August The Guns of August BOOK SUMMARY In May of 1910, the funeral of Edward VII of England took place. There were many royals in attendance there, including Kaiser William II of Germany, who disliked his uncle Edward and accused him of the encirclement of Germany. Edwards sociability resulted in reconciliation with France and a new friendship with Germany. Both arose the displeasure of William, who tried to rectify his situation with Russia and get them away from France although this failed. Soon thereafter, several publications on the prediction of a coming war were made public. Edwards magnificent funeral had the greatest assemblage of royalty and rank ever gathered in one place and, of its kind, the last. This was also to be the state of things prior to the first World War. PLANS Germany, France, Britain, and Russia were all prepared to make war, which was almost inevitable. Each country formulated secret military strategies that were to be used during this great war. Germanys plan of attack was the original idea of Count Alfred von Schlieffen. He, not wanting to fight a two-front war, decided to attack France first, swiftly by way of Belgium and attacking from the rear thus bringing about Frances envelopment. Although Belgium was declared neutral territory, he felt that it was a military necessity. This left East Prussia scarcely guarded, using primarily reserves, but the plan was to achieve a quick victory over France followed by an attack on Russia. Although it was predicted that a longer war might result because of the modernization of resources, it was not followed through with and no plans for a long battle were made. Instead, the idea of a decisive battle was held on to. In France, their military strategy was at first to attack Germany with a two-prong ed offensive through Germanys center and left. Their main goal was to win back Alsace-Lorraine. General Ferdinand Foch was mainly in control of French military thinking and belie... Free Essays on Guns Of August The Guns of August BOOK SUMMARY In May of 1910, the funeral of Edward VII of England took place. There were many royals in attendance there, including Kaiser William II of Germany, who disliked his uncle Edward and accused him of the encirclement of Germany. Edwards sociability resulted in reconciliation with France and a new friendship with Germany. Both arose the displeasure of William, who tried to rectify his situation with Russia and get them away from France although this failed. Soon thereafter, several publications on the prediction of a coming war were made public. Edwards magnificent funeral had the greatest assemblage of royalty and rank ever gathered in one place and, of its kind, the last. This was also to be the state of things prior to the first World War. PLANS Germany, France, Britain, and Russia were all prepared to make war, which was almost inevitable. Each country formulated secret military strategies that were to be used during this great war. Germanys plan of attack was the original idea of Count Alfred von Schlieffen. He, not wanting to fight a two-front war, decided to attack France first, swiftly by way of Belgium and attacking from the rear thus bringing about Frances envelopment. Although Belgium was declared neutral territory, he felt that it was a military necessity. This left East Prussia scarcely guarded, using primarily reserves, but the plan was to achieve a quick victory over France followed by an attack on Russia. Although it was predicted that a longer war might result because of the modernization of resources, it was not followed through with and no plans for a long battle were made. Instead, the idea of a decisive battle was held on to. In France, their military strategy was at first to attack Germany with a two-prong ed offensive through Germanys center and left. Their main goal was to win back Alsace-Lorraine. General Ferdinand Foch was mainly in control of French military thinking and belie...